Military expenditures in the Umayyad era (40-132 H / 660-749 AD)

Abstract

     The military expenses  in the Islamic Arabic state  has been considered an important indicator that reflects the significance of the military system. Our  current  study aims to these military expenses in  the era of Umayyad to specify  the level of change  in this institution from that level of Al-Rashidi era by bringing forth the changes  that have been happened , besides placing  terms  for those who enter into the volume  . This was prevailing over  in the previous ages  , but it was simple . It has been witnessed organizing  volumes . The Umayyad state followed   the rules placed by the caliphate " Omar Bin Al-Khatab" just like Sources of gifts from tributes and abscess and the surplus one  placed in  house of money; one should not take gift from  charity. The distribution of the gift has been the reason for  having  the tribes of  Levant ( Yemeni and Qaisi tribes)appear loyalty for Umayyad princes  in return they will be given financial rewards  and to be appointed in the jobs .IF the gift keeps on in Muharam Month (Islamic month) salaries to the soldiers will be paid  since he lateness was causing  problems  for Umayyad caliphates . The heritage of gift  remains applicable  until the end  of  the  Umayyad era , after it was applicable  in Al-Rashidi era; besides , the Umayyad has organized  and developed livings  and established  a special  office for that. The booties in the era of  Umayyad   have got divided based on  shares  with the preference of the knight  to the non-knight since the former  has exerted efforts  that will be explained in this current study.