البناء الوظيفي للضمائر في النحو العربي
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v61i3.1878الكلمات المفتاحية:
الإعراب، البناء، تغيير الصيغة، ضمائر الرفع، ضمائر النصب والجرّ، الوظيفةالملخص
يحتل البناء حيّزًا كبيرًا في الدرس النحوي يكاد يبلغ شطره، فهو قرينة الإعراب وهما معًا يشكِّلان ميدان النحو. غير أنّ الإعراب احتلّ ميدان الشهرة حتى أصبح رديف النحو فأطلق على النحو علم الإعراب، ولا غَرْوَ في ذلك فالنحو علم يختصّ بدراسة أحوال أواخر الكلم من حيث الإعراب والبناء؛ ولمّا كان الإعراب أعرب وأكثر وأنفع جعلوه مرادفًا لعلم النحو.
قسّم النحويون الكلام العربي من حيث تغيّر حركة آخر كلماته وثباتها على المعرب والمبنيّ، فسمّوا الذي تتغيّر حركة آخره معربًا، والذي يثبت آخره على حركةٍ واحدةٍ مبنيًّا، وقد صدقَ هذان الحدّان على مجمل ألفاظ الكلام العربيّ، لكنّا لمحنا في بعض المواطن أنّ حدّ البناء لا يصدق على بعض الكلمات، أعني الضمائر التي كان لها وضعًا مباينًا في الإعراب والبناء، فأردنا أن نسلّط الضوء عليها في هذا البحث آمّين الوصول إلى بيان موقعها من هذه الثنائية ووظيفة بنائها أو إعرابها، وذلك في مبحثين: الأول في مفهوم الإعراب والبناء، والثاني في خصوصية البناء في الضمائر ودورها في وظائفها النحوية. لنتوصل في النهاية إلى أهم نتائج نذكرها في الخاتمة والله ولي التوفيق.
التنزيلات
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